79 research outputs found
How to evaluate premature ventricular beats in the athlete: critical review and proposal of a diagnostic algorithm
Although premature ventricular beats (PVBs) in young people and athletes are usually benign, they may rarely mark underlying heart disease and risk of sudden cardiac death during sport. This review addresses the prevalence, clinical meaning and diagnostic/prognostic assessment of PVBs in the athlete. The article focuses on the characteristics of PVBs, such as the morphological pattern of the ectopic QRS and the response to exercise, which accurately stratify risk. We propose an algorithm to help the sport and exercise physician manage the athlete with PVBs. We also address (1) which athletes need more indepth investigation, including cardiac MRI to exclude an underlying pathological myocardial substrate, and (2) which athletes can remain eligible to competitive sports and who needs to be excluded
Sudden cardiac arrest on the football field of play - highlights for sports medicine from the European Resuscitation Council 2015 Consensus Guidelines
The European Resuscitation Council (ERC) 2015 Guidelines for
Resuscitation were published recently. For the first time, these
guidelines included a subsection on ‘cardiac arrest during
sports activities’ in the section dealing with cardiac arrest in
special circumstances, endorsing both the importance and
unique nature of this form of cardiac arrest. This paper reviews
four critical areas in the management of sudden cardiac arrest
in a football player: recognition, response, resuscitation and
removal from the field of play. Expeditious response with
initiation of immediate resuscitation at the side of a collapsed
player remains crucial for survival, and chest compressions
should be continued until the automated external defibrillator
(AED) has been fully activated, so that the sideline medical
team response to the side of a non-contact collapsed player on
the field of play, with AED and defibrillation, occurs within a
maximum of2 min from collapse.http://bjsm.bmj.comhb201
International criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes: Consensus statement.
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of mortality in athletes during sport. A variety of mostly hereditary, structural or electrical cardiac disorders are associated with SCD in young athletes, the majority of which can be identified or suggested by abnormalities on a resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Whether used for diagnostic or screening purposes, physicians responsible for the cardiovascular care of athletes should be knowledgeable and competent in ECG interpretation in athletes. However, in most countries a shortage of physician expertise limits wider application of the ECG in the care of the athlete. A critical need exists for physician education in modern ECG interpretation that distinguishes normal physiological adaptations in athletes from distinctly abnormal findings suggestive of underlying pathology. Since the original 2010 European Society of Cardiology recommendations for ECG interpretation in athletes, ECG standards have evolved quickly, advanced by a growing body of scientific data and investigations that both examine proposed criteria sets and establish new evidence to guide refinements. On 26-27 February 2015, an international group of experts in sports cardiology, inherited cardiac disease, and sports medicine convened in Seattle, Washington (USA), to update contemporary standards for ECG interpretation in athletes. The objective of the meeting was to define and revise ECG interpretation standards based on new and emerging research and to develop a clear guide to the proper evaluation of ECG abnormalities in athletes. This statement represents an international consensus for ECG interpretation in athletes and provides expert opinion-based recommendations linking specific ECG abnormalities and the secondary evaluation for conditions associated with SCD
The FIFA medical emergency bag and FIFA 11 steps to prevent sudden cardiac death : setting a global standard and promoting consistent football field emergency care
Life-threatening medical emergencies are an infrequent
but regular occurrence on the football field. Proper
prevention strategies, emergency medical planning and
timely access to emergency equipment are required to
prevent catastrophic outcomes. In a continuing
commitment to player safety during football, this paper
presents the FIFA Medical Emergency Bag and FIFA 11
Steps to prevent sudden cardiac death.These
recommendations are intended to create a global
standard for emergency preparedness and the medical
response to serious or catastrophic on-field injuries in
football.http://bjsm.bmj.com
Cardiac Screening of Young Athletes: a Practical Approach to Sudden Cardiac Death Prevention.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We aim to report on the current status of cardiovascular screening of athletes worldwide and review the up-to-date evidence for its efficacy in reducing sudden cardiac death in young athletes. RECENT FINDINGS: A large proportion of sudden cardiac death in young individuals and athletes occurs during rest with sudden arrhythmic death syndrome being recognised as the leading cause. The international recommendations for ECG interpretation have reduced the false-positive ECG rate to 3% and reduced the cost of screening by 25% without compromising the sensitivity to identify serious disease. There are some quality control issues that have been recently identified including the necessity for further training to guide physicians involved in screening young athletes. Improvements in our understanding of young sudden cardiac death and ECG interpretation guideline modification to further differentiate physiological ECG patterns from those that may represent underlying disease have significantly improved the efficacy of screening to levels that may make screening more attractive and feasible to sporting organisations as a complementary strategy to increased availability of automated external defibrillators to reduce the overall burden of young sudden cardiac death
2020 ESC Guidelines on sports cardiology and exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease
The Task Force on sports cardiology and exercise in patients with cardiovascular disease of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC
International criteria for electrocardiographic interpretation in athletes: Consensus statement
Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is the leading cause of mortality in athletes during sport. A variety of mostly hereditary, structural or electrical cardiac disorders are associated with SCD in young athletes, the majority of which can be identified or suggested by abnormalities on a resting 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG). Whether used for diagnostic or screening purposes, physicians responsible for the cardiovascular care of athletes should be knowledgeable and competent in ECG interpretation in athletes. However, in most countries a shortage of physician expertise limits wider application of the ECG in the care of the athlete. A critical need exists for physician education in modern ECG interpretation that distinguishes normal physiological adaptations in athletes from distinctly abnormal findings suggestive of underlying pathology. Since the original 2010 European Society of Cardiology recommendations for ECG interpretation in athletes, ECG standards have evolved quickly, advanced by a growing body of scientific data and investigations that both examine proposed criteria sets and establish new evidence to guide refinements. On 26-27 February 2015, an international group of experts in sports cardiology, inherited cardiac disease, and sports medicine convened in Seattle, Washington (USA), to update contemporary standards for ECG interpretation in athletes. The objective of the meeting was to define and revise ECG interpretation standards based on new and emerging research and to develop a clear guide to the proper evaluation of ECG abnormalities in athletes. This statement represents an international consensus for ECG interpretation in athletes and provides expert opinion-based recommendations linking specific ECG abnormalities and the secondary evaluation for conditions associated with SCD
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